Browse Glossary
Select a category and then a letter. Click your chosen headword for a concordance ordered by County and Estate.
Note that the General Glossary is selected by default: here we present the correspondences between the LangScape headword and the headwords in selected dictionaries (see Abbreviations); your search criteria will match with any of these. The display also shows how we have treated ‘compounds’ (eg. under ‘burh’, you will see that ‘burhware’ is treated as one LangScape headword but ‘eorþ+burg’ as two).
| LangScape Headword |
OE Dictionaries (DOE/CH) |
PN Elements (PnEl/VEPN) |
Brief Translation |
Comments | See also ‘compounds’ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| *badde | - | - | bad | Not in PnEl; *badde in VEPN | |
| *bagga | - | *bagga | badger, bag | ||
| *bagge | - | - | beggar | Listed in VEPN but not in PnEl | |
| balca | balc | balca | balk, ridge | ||
| bar | bār | bār | boar | ||
| batail | - | bataille | battle | ||
| bæc | bæc1 | bæc | back, ridge | See also Gelling&Cole. Forms sometimes difficult to distinguish from bæce & bece (beech) | |
| bæce | bæc2 | bece : bæce | stream, valley | bece in PnEl; bæce in VEPN. See also Gelling&Cole under bece. Forms sometimes difficult to distinguish from bæc & bece (beech) | |
| bæl | bǣl | bēl | pyre, bonfire | ||
| bærlic | bærlic | bærlic | barley | ||
| bærnan | bærnan | berned | to burn | ||
| bærning | bærning | bærning | burning | ||
| bær2 | bǣr2 | bǣr2 | pasture | See also Gelling&Cole | |
| bær1 | bær | bær1 | bare | ||
| bæst | bæst | bæst | lime bast | ||
| be | be | bī | by | ||
| beag | bēag | bēag : bēg | ring | beag in PnEl; beg in VEPN | |
| *bealg | - | *balg | rounded | ||
| beam | bēam | bēam | tree | elebeam | |
| bean | bēan | bēan | bean | ||
| bearu | bearu | bearu | grove | See also Gelling&Cole | |
| bebugan | bebūgan | - | to encompass | ||
| bece | bēce | bēce | beech | Forms sometimes difficult to distinguish from bæc & bæce | |
| becweþan | becweþan | - | to bequest | ||
| bedd | bedd | bedd | bed | ||
| beeastan | beēastan : be ēastan | - | to the east | beeastan in CH, but cited as a phrase under 'be' & 'eastan' in DOE | |
| befer | befer | beofor | beaver | ||
| *beg | - | beg | berry | ||
| beggere | - | beggere | beggar | ||
| beginnan | beginnan | - | to begin | ||
| beheonan | beheonan | - | on this side | ||
| bekkr | - | bekkr | beck, stream | ||
| belicgan | belicgan | - | to lie | ||
| belimpan | limpan : belimpan | - | to belong | Includes also limpan | |
| bena | bēna | - | petitioner | ||
| benc | benc | benc | bench, bank | ||
| beneoþan | beneoþan | beneoþan | beneath | ||
| benorþan | benorþan | - | to the north | benorþan in CH, but cited as a phrase under 'be' in DOE | |
| beo | bēo | bēo | bee | ||
| beocere | bēocere | bīcere | beekeeper | ||
| beodern | bēodern : bēodærn | - | refectory | beodern in DOE; beodærn in CH | |
| beon | bēon | - | to be | ||
| beonet | - | beonet | bent grass | ||
| beorg | beorg | beorg : berg | barrow, hill | beorg in PnEl; berg in VEPN. See also Gelling&Cole | |
| beorht | beorht | beorht : berht | bright | beorht in PnEl; berht in VEPN | |
| beorn | beorn | beorn | man | ||
| beost | bēost | - | first milk | ||
| bera | bera | - | bear | ||
| bere | bere | bere | barley | bereærn : bere+tun : bere+wic | |
| bereærn | bereærn | bere-ærn | barn | ||
| berend | berend | - | bearer | ||
| berige | berie | berige | berry | ||
| berstan | berstan | - | to burst | ||
| besuþan | besuþan | - | to the south | besuþan in CH, but cited as a phrase under 'be' in DOE | |
| betellan | betellan | - | to prove | ||
| betweoh | betwēoh | - | between | See also betweonan & betweox | |
| betweonan | betwēonan | betwēonan | between | See also betweoh & betweox | |
| betweox | betwux | betweox(n) | between | See also betweonan & betweoh | |
| beþurfan | beþurfan | - | to need | ||
| bewestan | bewestan | - | to the west | bewestan in CH, but cited as a phrase under 'be' in DOE | |
| *bica | - | *bica | bill, woodpecker | Not in PnEl; *bica in VEPN | |
| bicce | bicce | bicce | bitch | ||
| bile | bile | bile | beak | cocc+bill | |
| bill | bill | - | bill, sword | Discussed under bile in VEPN | |
| (ge)bind | gebind | - | binding | ||
| *bing | - | *bing | hollow (noun) | ||
| binnan | binnan | binnan | within | ||
| biscop | bisceop | biscop | bishop | ||
| biscoprice | bisceoprīce | - | bishopric | ||
| bita | bita | bita | piece | bita in PnEl; bite in VEPN | |
| blac | blāc | blāc | pale, bare, shining | Note: the inflected form 'blacan' can formally be from either 'blac' or 'blæc' | |
| (ge)blawan | (ge)blāwan | - | to blow | blawan & geblawan listed separately in DOE | |
| blæc | blæc | blæc | black | Note: the inflected form 'blacan' can formally be from either 'blæc' or 'blac' | blæc+þorn |
| blæd | blǣd | - | splendour | ||
| bleo | blēo | *blēo | variegated | NB - no asterisk in VEPN | |
| blerig | blerig | - | bald | ||
| blind | blind | blind | blind | ||
| bliþe | blīþe | blīþe | blithe, pleasant | ||
| (ge)bocian | (ge)bōcian | - | to grant | bocian & gebocian listed separately in DOE | |
| bocland | bōcland | bōc-land | book-land | ||
| boc2 | bōc1 | bōc2 | book | boc1 is book in DOE but beech-tree in PnEl/VEPN, & vice versa with boc2! | bocland |
| boc1 | bōc2 | bōc1 | beech | boc1 is book in DOE but beech-tree in PnEl/VEPN, & vice versa with boc2! | |
| bog | bōg | - | branch | ||
| bogen | bogen | - | (a plant) | ||
| *boia | - | *boi(a) | servant | ||
| bord | bord | bord | board | ||
| borg | borg | borg | stronghold/surety | Includes both PnEl's/VEPN's borg1 & borg2 | |
| *borsen | - | *bors | 'bors'-covered | ||
| *bos | - | *bōs | cow stall | ||
| bot | bōt | bōt | remedy | ||
| bounde | - | - | boundary | ||
| box | box | box | box (tree) | ||
| bracu | - | bracu | bracken, thicket | Includes apparently weak forms | |
| brad | brād | brād | broad | ||
| brand | brand | brand | fire | brandrad | |
| brandrad | brandrād | brandrād | gridiron | ||
| bræc | brǣc | brēc | breach | See also Gelling&Cole (under brec) | |
| brædu | brǣdu | brǣdu | breadth | ||
| brægen | brægen | brægen | brain | ||
| brecan | brecan | brocen | to break | ||
| breden | breden | breden : briden | plank-made | breden in PnEl; briden in VEPN | |
| bremel | brēmel | brēmel | bramble | ||
| bremer | See under brēmel | brēmer | bramble | Discussed under bremel in VEPN | |
| brer | brēr | brēr | briar | ||
| bridd | bridd | bridd | bird | ||
| *briga | - | *brigā | hill | ||
| broc | brōc | brōc | brook | See also Gelling&Cole | |
| brocc | brocc | brocc | badger | brocc+hol | |
| brom | brōm | brōm | broom | ||
| broþor | brōþor | brōþor | brother | ||
| bruiere | - | bruiere | heath | ||
| brun | brūn | brūn | brown | ||
| brunnr | - | brunnr | spring | ||
| bryce | bryce | bryce | breach | ||
| brycg | brycg | brycg | bridge | See also Gelling&Cole | |
| *bryd2 | - | *brӯd | surging | Not listed in PnEl but see *bryd in VEPN | |
| bryd1 | brӯd | brӯd | bride | byrd (bride) is mentioned under *bryd (surging) in VEPN | |
| bryn | - | bryn : *brunnjo- | hill | bryn in PnEl; *brunnjo- in VEPN | |
| bryne | brӯne | brӯne | brine | Includes possible strong form *bryn/*brin; not listed in PnEl but see under bryne in VEPN | |
| brytta | brytta | - | dispenser | ||
| Bryttas | Bryttas | Brettas | Britons | ||
| bucca | bucca | bucca | buck, goat | ||
| budda | - | budda | beetle | ||
| bufan | bufan : ābufan | bufan | above | Includes bufan & abufan | |
| bufancweden | bufancweden | - | above-mentioned | ||
| bugan | būgan | - | to bend | ||
| *bula | bula | *bula | bull | In CH as bula, but not listed in DOE; no asterisk in VEPN | |
| bulluc | bulluc | bulluc | bullock | ||
| buloce | - | - | bullace | ||
| bune | bune | bune | reed | ||
| (ge)bur | (ge)būr | (ge)būr | peasant | bur & gebur listed separately in DOE; (ge)bur in VEPN & CH | |
| burh | burh | burh | fortification | Difficult to distinguish from *burg (burrow) which is potentially included under this headword | burh+geat : burh+steall : burh+stede : burh+tun : burhware : eorþ+burg |
| burhþegn | burhþegn | - | town-thane | ||
| burhware | burhwaru | burh-ware | town dwellers | ||
| burna | burna | burna | stream | See also Gelling&Cole | burn+stow : winter+burna |
| *busc | - | *busc | bush | NB no asterisk in VEPN | |
| butan | būtan | būtan | except, outside | ||
| butere | butere | butere | butter | ||
| buttuc | buttuc | buttuc | buttock | ||
| by | - | bӯ | farmstead, village | ||
| bydel | bydel | bydel | beadle | ||
| byden | byden | byden | container | See also Gelling&Cole | |
| byge | byge : gebyge | byge | bend | Includes also DOE's gebyge | |
| byht | byht : gebyhte | byht | bend | Includes also DOE/CH's gebyhte | |
| byldan | byldan | - | to build | ||
| bymere | bӯmere | bēmere | trumpeter/piper | ||
| byrc | byrc | beorc : birce | birch | Includes berc & birce which are separately listed in VEPN & PnEl but conflated under byrc in DOE | |
| byre | bӯre | bӯre | byre | ||
| byrgels | byrgels | byrgels | burial-place | ||
| byrgen | byrgen | byrgen | burial-place | ||
| (ge)byrian | (ge)byrian | - | to belong | byrian & gebyrian listed separately in DOE | |
| byrne | byrne | - | corselet | ||
| (ge)byrst | byrst | (ge)byrst | burst, slip | eorþ+(ge)byrst | |
| bytel | bӯtel | - | mallet | ||
| (ge)bytle | gebytlu | (ge)bytle | building | (ge)bytlu emended to (ge)bytle in JEPN Vol. 1 | |
| bytme | bytme | bytme | bottom | See also Gelling&Cole | |
| *byxe | - | *byxe | box |